I get asked this question quite a bit. Here is the basic explanation of the differences:
Shopping cart
Allow customers to choose one or more items for a single checkout.
Automatic billing
Sign customers up for a billing agreement that allows you to charge them a variable amount – up to a mutually agreed upon maximum – each billing cycle. For example, utility bills.
Buy Now
Let customers click once and quickly purchase one item at a time.
Donations
Let customers choose a fixed or variable donation amount.
Gift certificates
Sell gift certificates in predetermined amounts or allow customers to choose their own amount.
Installment Plan
Let customers pay for items using flexible multiple payments.
Subscriptions
Offer subscriptions or other recurring payments for items like magazine subscriptions or club memberships.